CEOS Analysis Ready Data

Overview Framework Specifications FAQ Resources Datasets Strategy Framework

CEOS ANALYSIS READY DATA

CEOS Analysis Ready Data (CEOS-ARD) are satellite data that have been processed to a minimum set of requirements and organized into a form that allows immediate analysis with a minimum of additional user effort and interoperability both through time and with other datasets.

Information for:

Data Producers

Data Distributors

Data Users

CEOS-ARD Framework

Many satellite data users lack the expertise, infrastructure and internet bandwidth to efficiently and effectively access, preprocess, and utilize the growing volume of space-based data for local, regional, and national decision-making. Furthermore, even sophisticated users of EO data typically invest a large proportion of their effort into data preparation. This is a major barrier to full and successful utilization of space-based data, and threatens the success of major global and regional initiatives supported by the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS). As data volumes grow, this barrier is becoming more significant for all users.

Countries and international organizations have expressed a desire for support from CEOS to facilitate access to and processing of satellite data into CEOS Analysis Ready Data (CEOS-ARD) products. Systematic and regular provision of CEOS-ARD will greatly reduce the burden on global satellite data users.

The CEOS-ARD Governance Framework covers:

Definition

The definition of CEOS-ARD is not exclusive or prescriptive. The definition of CEOS-ARD reflects the attributes of fundamental measurement products for the majority of global remote sensing users with land imaging applications, and are the minimum level required to support time series analysis and data interoperability.

Product Family Specs

Detail specific 'Threshold' and 'Target' requirements for:

– General Metadata
– Per-pixel Metadata
– Radiometric and Atmospheric Corrections
– Geometric Corrections

A Product Family Specification Template has been developed to provide a starting point for future PFS, to ensure commonality in layout, general structure, interpretation and approach. It provides a foundation and common suite of assessment factors for all PFS.

Product Assessments

Assess how well the specific product complies with each of the metadata and calibration criteria in the Product Family Specification. Includes a description of ‘how’ it complies.

The CEOS Working Group on Calibration & Validation (WGCV) has defined formal processes for how these assessments will be carried out, including the peer reviews that will be undertaken by the WGCV.

Current Product Family Specifications

PFS	Type	Version	Download	Metadata Spec	Last Updated
Surface Reflectance	Optical	5.0	PDF \| Word	–	8 June 2020
Surface Temperature	Optical	5.0	PDF \| Word	–	8 June 2020
Normalised Radar Backscatter	Radar	5.5	PDF \| Word	XLSX	13 May 2022
Polarimetric Radar	Radar	3.5	PDF \| Word	XLSX	13 May 2022
Aquatic Reflectance	Optical	1.0	PDF \| Word	–	23 February 2022
Ocean Radar Backscatter	Radar	1.0	PDF \| Word	XLSX	21 September 2022
Nighttime Lights Surface Radiance	Optical	1.0	PDF \| Word	–	2 October 2022

In-progress Product Family Specifications

PFS	Type	ETA
Geocoded Single-Look Complex (GSLC)	Radar	2023
Interferometric Radar (INSAR)	Radar	2023
LiDAR Terrain and Canopy Top Height	Optical	2023

CEOS Analysis-Ready Datasets

The following table summarises all of the satellite EO datasets that have been assessed as CEOS Analysis Ready Data (CEOS-ARD). DOI links are provided for access, along with links to further information, sample products, and the completed CEOS-ARD self-assessment and peer review outcome documents.

Product	CEOS-ARD Type	PFS Version	Agency	Mission(s)	Threshold Specification	Target Specification	Access (DOI)	Info	Self Assessment	Peer Review	Sample Products
EnMAP	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	DLR	EnMAP	100%	Not assessed	TBA	Link	PDF	PDF	Link
Landsat Collection 2	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	USGS	Landsat 4, 5, 7, 8, 9	100%	81%	Landsat 4-5, 7, 8-9	Link	PDF	PDF	Link
Landsat Collection 2	Surface Temperature	v5.0	USGS	Landsat 4, 5, 7, 8, 9	100%	83%	Landsat 4-5, 7, 8-9	Link	PDF	PDF	Link
Landsat Collection 2 U.S. ARD	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	USGS	Landsat 4, 5, 7, 8, 9	100%	Not assessed	Link	Link	PDF	PDF	Link
Landsat Collection 2 U.S. ARD	Surface Temperature	v5.0	USGS	Landsat 4, 5, 7, 8, 9	100%	Not assessed	Link	Link	PDF	PDF	Link
Sentinel-1 RTC	Normalised Radar Backscatter	v5.5	Sinergise & Digital Earth Africa	Sentinel-1 (A, B)	100%	Not assessed	Link	Link	PDF	PDF	Link
Sentinel-2 Level-2A	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ESA	Sentinel-2A, 2B	100%	Not assessed	Link	Link	PDF	PDF	Link

Under Peer Review

Product	CEOS-ARD Type	PFS Version	Agency	Mission(s)	Access (DOI)	Info	Self Assessment	Peer Review	Sample Products
PROBA-V Collection 2	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	VITO / ESA	PROBA-V	TBA	Link	PDF	TBA	TBA
Sentinel-2 Level-2A (E84)	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	Element 84	Sentinel-2A, 2B	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 Global Mosaics (RTC)	Normalised Radar Backscatter	v5.5	JAXA	ALOS-2 PALSAR-2	TBA	Link	DOC	TBA	TBA
ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 ScanSAR NRB	Normalised Radar Backscatter	v5.5	JAXA	ALOS-2 PALSAR-2	TBA	Link	DOC	TBA	TBA

Under Development / Assessment

Product	CEOS-ARD Type	PFS Version	Agency	Mission(s)	Access (DOI)	Info	Self Assessment	Peer Review	Sample Products
DESIS L2A	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	DLR	DESIS-on-ISS	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
Envisat ASAR	Normalised Radar Backscatter	v5.5	ESA	Envisat	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
Envisat MERIS	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ESA	Envisat	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
ERS ATSR	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ESA	ERS-1, ERS-2	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
ERS ATSR	Surface Temperature	v5.0	ESA	ERS-1, ERS-2	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
ERS SAR	Normalised Radar Backscatter	v5.5	ESA	ERS-1, ERS-2	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
Fused S-2 & L-8/9 (Level-2F)	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ESA	Sentinel-2A, 2B; Landsat 8, 9	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
Gaofen-1 SR	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	AIR (China)	Gaofen-1	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
Harmonised S-2 & L-8/9 (Level-2H)	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ESA	Sentinel-2A, 2B; Landsat 8, 9	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
Landsat L2 Provisional Aquatic Reflectance	Aquatic Reflectance	v1.0	USGS	Landsat 8, 9	TBA	Link	TBA	TBA	Link
L8 SR (Aerospace Information Research Institute)	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	AIR (China)	Landsat 8	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
L8 ST (Aerospace Information Research Institute)	Surface Temperature	v5.0	AIR (China)	Landsat 8	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
NovaSAR-1 RTC	Normalised Radar Backscatter	v5.5	CSIRO	NovaSAR-1	TBA	Link	Ongoing	TBA	TBA
Resourcesat-2/2A	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ISRO	Resourcesat-2, 2A	TBA	Link	Ongoing	TBA	TBA
Sentinel-1 NRB	Normalised Radar Backscatter	v5.5	ESA	Sentinel-1 (A, B)	TBA	Link	TBA	TBA	TBA
Sentinel-2 L2A/B AR Layer	Aquatic Reflectance	v1.0	ESA	Sentinel-2A, 2B	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
Sentinel-3 SYN SDR Product	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ESA	Sentinel-3A, 3B	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
SPOT 1-7 Surface Reflectance	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	SANSA	SPOT 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA

Future

Product	CEOS-ARD Type	PFS Version	Agency	Mission(s)	Access (DOI)	Info	Self Assessment	Peer Review	Sample Products
ALOS-3 Surface Reflectance	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	JAXA	ALOS-3	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
CHIME L2A	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ESA	CHIME	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
CHIME L2H/L2F	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ESA	CHIME	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
LSTM L2A SR	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ESA	LSTM	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
LSTM L2A ST	Surface Temperature	v5.0	ESA	LSTM	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
LSTM L2H/L2F SR	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ESA	LSTM	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
LSTM L2H/L2F ST	Surface Temperature	v5.0	ESA	LSTM	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
ROSE-L	Normalised Radar Backscatter	v5.5	ESA	ROSE-L	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA

Background Image #1 Credit: NASA Earth Observatory: NASA/GSFC/METI/ERSDAC/JAROS, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team

Background Image #2 Credit: NASA Earth Observatory images by Joshua Stevens, using Landsat data from the U.S. Geological Survey.