CEOS Analysis Ready Data

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CEOS ANALYSIS READY DATA

CEOS Analysis Ready Data (CEOS-ARD) are satellite data that have been processed to a minimum set of requirements and organized into a form that allows immediate analysis with a minimum of additional user effort and interoperability both through time and with other datasets.

Information for:

Data Producers

Data Distributors

Data Users

CEOS-ARD Framework

Many satellite data users lack the expertise, infrastructure and internet bandwidth to efficiently and effectively access, preprocess, and utilize the growing volume of space-based data for local, regional, and national decision-making. Furthermore, even sophisticated users of EO data typically invest a large proportion of their effort into data preparation. This is a major barrier to full and successful utilization of space-based data, and threatens the success of major global and regional initiatives supported by the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS). As data volumes grow, this barrier is becoming more significant for all users.

Countries and international organizations have expressed a desire for support from CEOS to facilitate access to and processing of satellite data into CEOS Analysis Ready Data (CEOS-ARD) products. Systematic and regular provision of CEOS-ARD will greatly reduce the burden on global satellite data users.

The CEOS-ARD Governance Framework covers:

Definition

The definition of CEOS-ARD is not exclusive or prescriptive. The definition of CEOS-ARD reflects the attributes of fundamental measurement products for the majority of global remote sensing users with land imaging applications, and are the minimum level required to support time series analysis and data interoperability.

Product Family Specs

Detail specific 'Threshold' and 'Goal' requirements for:

– General Metadata
– Per-pixel Metadata
– Radiometric and Atmospheric Corrections
– Geometric Corrections

A Product Family Specification Template has been developed to provide a starting point for future PFS, to ensure commonality in layout, general structure, interpretation and approach. It provides a foundation and common suite of assessment factors for all PFS.

Product Assessments

Assess how well the specific product complies with each of the metadata and calibration criteria in the Product Family Specification. Includes a description of ‘how’ it complies.

The CEOS Working Group on Calibration & Validation (WGCV) has defined formal processes for how these assessments will be carried out, including the peer reviews that will be undertaken by the WGCV.

Guide to CEOS-ARD Self-Assessments

Current Product Family Specifications

PFS	Type	Version	Download	Metadata Spec	Last Updated
Surface Reflectance	Optical	5.0.1	PDF \| Word	–	6 December 2023
Surface Temperature	Optical	5.0	PDF \| Word	–	8 June 2020
Aquatic Reflectance	Optical	1.0	PDF \| Word	–	23 February 2022
Nighttime Lights Surface Radiance	Optical	1.0	PDF \| Word	–	2 October 2022
Combined CEOS-ARD for Synthetic Aperture Radar (Normalised Radar Backscatter [NRB], Polarimetric Radar [POL], Ocean Radar Backscatter [ORB], Geocoded Single-Look Complex [GSLC])	Radar	1.1	PDF \| Word	XLSX	23 July 2024

In-progress Product Family Specifications

PFS	Type	ETA
Interferometric Radar (INSAR)	Radar	2024
LiDAR Terrain and Canopy Top Height	Optical	2023

CEOS Analysis-Ready Datasets

The following table summarises all of the satellite EO datasets that have been assessed as CEOS Analysis Ready Data (CEOS-ARD). DOI links are provided for access, along with links to further information, sample products, and the completed CEOS-ARD self-assessment and peer review outcome documents.

Product	CEOS-ARD Type	PFS Version	Agency	Mission / Instrument(s)	Access	Info	Self Assessment	Peer Review	Sample Products	Approval date
ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 Global Mosaics (RTC)	SAR-NRB	v1.0	JAXA	ALOS-2 PALSAR-2	Link	Link	DOC	PDF	Link	17 Apr 2024
ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 25m & 50m ScanSAR NRB	SAR-NRB	v1.0	JAXA	ALOS-2 PALSAR-2	Link	Link	DOC	25m, 50m	Link	17 Apr 2024
Catalyst Sentinel-1 RTC	SAR-NRB	v1.1	Catalyst/PCI	Sentinel-1 (A, B)	TBA	TBA	DOC	PDF	TBA	17 Oct 2024
EnMAP	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	DLR	EnMAP	TBA	Link	PDF	PDF	Link	22 Jan 2024
Landsat Collection 2	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	USGS	Landsat 4, 5, 7, 8, 9	Landsat 4-5, 7, 8-9	Link	PDF	PDF	Link	4 Jun 2021
Landsat Collection 2	Surface Temperature	v5.0	USGS	Landsat 4, 5, 7, 8, 9	Landsat 4-5, 7, 8-9	Link	PDF	PDF	Link	4 Jun 2021
Landsat Collection 2 U.S. ARD	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	USGS	Landsat 4, 5, 7, 8, 9	Link	Link	PDF	PDF	Link	23 May 2022
Landsat Collection 2 U.S. ARD	Surface Temperature	v5.0	USGS	Landsat 4, 5, 7, 8, 9	Link	Link	PDF	PDF	Link	23 May 2022
L8 SR (Aerospace Information Research Institute)	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	AIR-CAS	Landsat 8	Link	Link	PDF	PDF	Link	6 Dec 2023
L8 ST (Aerospace Information Research Institute)	Surface Temperature	v5.0	AIR-CAS	Landsat 8	Link	Link	PDF	PDF	Link	6 Dec 2023
NovaSAR-1 RTC	NRB	v5.5	CSIRO	NovaSAR-1	Link	Link	ZIP	ZIP	See self-assessment docs	5 Oct 2023
Opera RTC Sentinel-1	NRB	v5.5	NASA/JPL	Sentinel-1 (A, B)	TBA	TBA	ZIP	ZIP	TBA	22 Oct 2024
PROBA-V L3 (0.1/0.333/1 km) TOC	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	VITO / ESA	PROBA-V	Link	Link	PDF	PDF	Link	21 Mar 2023
RISAT-1A (EOS-04) NRB	SAR-NRB	v1.0	ISRO	RISAT-1A (EOS-04)	Link	Link	DOC	ZIP	TBA	2 Apr 2024
Sentinel-1 RTC	NRB	v5.5	Sinergise & Digital Earth Africa	Sentinel-1 (A, B)	Link	Link	PDF	PDF	Link	20 May 2022
Sentinel-2 Level-2A	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	ESA	Sentinel-2A, 2B	Link	Link	PDF	PDF	Link	22 Jan 2022

Under Peer Review

Product	CEOS-ARD Type	PFS Version	Agency/Organisation	Mission / Instrument(s)
Catalyst SPOT-5 SR	Surface Reflectance	v5.0.1	Catalyst/PCI	SPOT-5
DESIS L2A	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	DLR	DESIS-on-ISS
Gaofen-1/6 SR	Surface Reflectance	v5.0	AIR-CAS (China)	Gaofen-1
RISAT-1A (EOS-04) NRB India Mosaic	SAR-NRB	v1.1	ISRO	RISAT-1A (EOS-04)

Under Development / Assessment

Product	CEOS-ARD Type	Agency	Mission / Instrument(s)
AVHRR LST	Surface Temperature	DLR	AVHRR/1, /2, /3
EnMAP	Aquatic Reflectance	DLR	EnMAP
ENVISAT NRB	SAR-NRB	ESA	Envisat
Envisat MERIS	Surface Reflectance	ESA	Envisat
ERS ATSR	Surface Reflectance	ESA	ERS-1, ERS-2
ERS ATSR	Surface Temperature	ESA	ERS-1, ERS-2
ERS-1/2 NRB	SAR-NRB	ESA	ERS-1, ERS-2
Fused S-2 & L-8/9 (Level-2F)	Surface Reflectance	ESA	Sentinel-2A, 2B; Landsat 8, 9
Harmonised S-2 & L-8/9 (Level-2H)	Surface Reflectance	ESA	Sentinel-2A, 2B; Landsat 8, 9
KOMPSAT-3/3A	Surface Reflectance	KARI	KOMPSAT-3, 3A
KOMPSAT-5 NRB	SAR-NRB	KARI	KOMPSAT-5
Landsat L2 Provisional Aquatic Reflectance	Aquatic Reflectance	USGS	Landsat 8, 9
NISAR NRB / GCOV / GSLC / GUNW	SAR	ISRO	NISAR
NovaSAR-1 NRB	SAR-NRB	ISRO	NovaSAR-1
Oceansat-3 OCM-3	Aquatic Reflectance	ISRO	Oceansat-3
Opera GSLC S1	SAR	NASA/JPL	Sentinel-1 (A, B)
Opera NISAR RTC & GSLC	SAR	NASA/JPL	NISAR
Radarsat-1	SAR-NRB	CSA	Radarsat-1
Radarsat-2	SAR-NRB	CSA	Radarsat-2
Radarsat Constellation Mission	SAR-NRB	CSA	RCM
Resourcesat-2/2A	Surface Reflectance	ISRO	Resourcesat-2, 2A
RISAT-1A/1B POL	SAR-POL	ISRO	RISAT-1A, 1B
SAOCOM	SAR-NRB	CONAE	SAOCOM (1A, 1B)
Sentinel-1 NRB	SAR-NRB	ESA	Sentinel-1 (A, B)
Sentinel-1 ORB	SAR-ORB	ESA	Sentinel-1 (A, B)
Sentinel-2 L2A/B AR Layer	Aquatic Reflectance	ESA	Sentinel-2A, 2B
Sentinel-3 SYN SDR Product	Surface Reflectance	ESA	Sentinel-3A, 3B
SPOT 1-7 Surface Reflectance	Surface Reflectance	SANSA	SPOT 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
THEOS-1 Surface Reflectance	Surface Reflectance	GISTDA	THEOS-1
THEOS-2 Surface Reflectance	Surface Reflectance	GISTDA	THEOS-2

Future

Product	CEOS-ARD Type	Agency	Mission / Instrument(s)
CHIME L2A	Surface Reflectance	ESA	CHIME
CHIME L2H/L2F	Surface Reflectance	ESA	CHIME
LSTM L2A SR	Surface Reflectance	ESA	LSTM
LSTM L2A ST	Surface Temperature	ESA	LSTM
LSTM L2H/L2F SR	Surface Reflectance	ESA	LSTM
LSTM L2H/L2F ST	Surface Temperature	ESA	LSTM
ROSE-L	SAR-NRB	ESA	ROSE-L

Background Image #1 Credit: NASA Earth Observatory: NASA/GSFC/METI/ERSDAC/JAROS, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team

Background Image #2 Credit: NASA Earth Observatory images by Joshua Stevens, using Landsat data from the U.S. Geological Survey.